Israel Palestine Infos
Uri Avnery
July 21, 2012
Divide et Impera
WHATEVER IS happening to the Israeli social protest movement?
Good question. It is not only being asked abroad, but in
Last year the movement reached its peak in a giant demonstration. Hundreds of
thousands marched in Tel Aviv.
The government did what governments do in such situations: it appointed a
commission, headed by a respected professor named Manuel Trajtenberg. The
commission made some good but limited recommendations, a tiny fraction of which
were actually implemented.
In the meantime, the protest movement hibernated. For no good reason, it was
somehow accepted that a protest movement should act only in summertime.
(Personally, I much prefer winter demonstrations. Summers are really too damn
hot.)
WHEN SUMMER 2012 came around – and a specially hot summer it is – the protest
movement moved again.
Daphni Leef, who had started it all, called for a demonstration. She gathered
around her some 10,000 people, a respectable number but far less than last
year’s multitudes. And for a good (or bad) reason: on the very same day and at
the very same hour, less than a kilometer away, another demonstration was taking
place. It was about army service (more about that later).
Last Saturday night, Daphni called for another protest, and again some 10,000
gathered. Why not more? Because on the very same day and at the very same hour
another demonstration took place on Tel Aviv’s seashore.
What was the difference between the two? None whatsoever. Both claimed to be the
legitimate successor of last year’s protest. They used the same slogans.
I don’t generally subscribe to conspiracy theories. But this time it was hard
not to suspect that some hidden hand was applying the old Roman maxim “divide et
impera”, divide and rule. (Seems that it was not really coined by the Romans,
but by the French king Louis XIV , who said “diviser pour régner”.)
THE SUCCESS of Daphni’s demonstration last Saturday was assured by an event
nobody could have foreseen.
When the march reached the government quarter of Tel Aviv (the former
Jews are not Buddhist monks and nothing like this has ever happened here before.
Desperate people commit suicide, but not publicly and not by fire. I think that
since the days when converted Jews were burned by the Spanish inquisition, Jews
have abhorred this kind of death.
The man, Moshe Silman, was a hard-luck story. Last year he was active in the
protest movement. He was a small entrepreneur who twice failed in business,
suffered a series of strokes and was left with nothing but large debts. He was
about to be evicted from his small apartment. Rather than become homeless, he
decided to take his life, after distributing a suicide note to people around
him.
Most believers in the American way would probably say that his failure was his
own fault, and that nobody had to help him. Jewish ethics are different and
demand that a person in desperation, even if caused by his own failures, should
be assured of a minimum existence compatible with human dignity.
Binyamin Netanyahu, an ardent admirer of the free market, published a statement
dismissing the event as a “personal tragedy”. The demonstrators answered with
posters:” Bibi, you are our personal tragedy!”
Silman has become a national symbol. He has given a huge push to the protest
movement, which has now resumed its place in public consciousness.
HOWEVER, THE news at the moment is dominated by the competing protest – the one
concerning military service.
It is not about refusing service in the army because of the occupation. Such
refusers are few, and their courageous acts find, alas, no echo.
No, it is about an entirely different subject: the fact that 6000 able-bodied
orthodox youngsters are excused every year from military service, as well as
from the alternative civilian service. Those youngsters who serve three full
years in the army and then almost a month every year in the reserves are fed up.
They demand “equal division of duty”. Among the secular majority, and even among
the Zionist religious youth, this is a hugely popular slogan.
Its popularity can be measured by the fact that Itzik Shmuli is there. Shmuli,
it will be remembered, is the ambitious student leader who joined Daphni last
year and then left her in the lurch. Recently it was disclosed that one of
The orthodox don’t dream of serving. They have very good reasons. For example:
the study of the Torah is obviously more important for the security of the state
than military service, since, as everybody knows, God protects us only as long
as this study goes on. (I once talked about this with Ariel
The real reason for the orthodox is, of course, their determination to avoid at
all costs any contact between their boys and girls and ordinary Israelis, who
are steeped in alcohol, crime, sex and drugs.
Netanyahu could easily rule without the orthodox by relying on his secular
partners. But he knows that in times of trouble, the orthodox will stick with
him, while the others may well melt away.
This week. his fertile mind was feverishly dreaming up compromise solutions that
would change everything, while leaving the status quo completely unchanged. For
example, it was proposed to draft all religious males, but not at the age of 18,
like everybody else, but at the age of 26, when virtually all orthodox men are
already married with four children, making their conscription impossible or
vastly expensive.
ONLY 70 days ago, the Kadima party hurriedly joined the government. Its
justification was that a coalition comprising 80% of the Knesset would provide
Netanyahu with the necessary safety net for a total overhaul of the military
draft exemption system.
The real reason was that Kadima had been left without any issue it could call
its own. Still the largest faction in the Knesset, with one seat more than the
Likud, it was threatened with total annihilation in the next election. A
squabble with the hated orthodox could change all that.
So this week, on the 70th day of its membership in the glorious
coalition, Kadima left again. It can now march towards the coming elections
under the proud banner of Equal Service For All.
THERE IS another angle to this story.
The orthodox are not the only ones exempted from military (and civilian)
service. So are the Arab citizens, though for quite different reasons.
The Israeli army never wanted to draft the Arabs and give them – God forbid! -
military training and arms. Only the Druze, an old religious-ethnic community
with a vague connection to Shiite Islam, do serve, as do a few Bedouin.
Now, with Equal Service slogans rampant, this exemption is coming up, too. Why
don’t the Arabs serve? Why are they not called up, at least, for civilian
service?
The Arab citizens refuse, of course.
Military service against their own people – fellow Palestinians and
fellow Arabs – is out of the question. They refuse civilian service, too,
claiming that the state that discriminates against them in so many ways has no
right to call them up at all. Even when offered social service within their own
community they refuse, causing much resentment among Jewish youths who have to
go to the army while Arabs of the same age can go to university or earn good
money working.
Thus the movement for Equal Service is in the happy position of attacking the
two communities most hated by the majority: the orthodox and the Arabs. Bigotry,
racism and secularism, all in the name of equality. Who could wish for more?
NETANYAHU IS now left with his former small majority. He has to find a quick
solution to the service of the orthodox, since the Supreme Court is breathing
down his neck. The present draft law, which was rejected by the court, expires
at the end of this month. By then, a new law must be in place.
For Netanyahu, the preferred solution is calling early elections, perhaps next
February. He would like that, since currently there is no one around who could
compete with his popularity. New parties would have no time to establish
themselves.
But Netanyahu is no gambler. He has no appetite for risk-taking. With elections,
like wars, one can never be quite sure of the outcome. Stuff happens.
An excellent alternative would be to split Kadima. Having just started to enjoy
the sweet taste of government, some of its members may feel disinclined to let
go. The Likud would be only too happy to receive them into its ranks.
Divide et impera may have life in it yet.